while
I'm guilty of writing constructs without curly braces sometimes... writing the do--while seemed a bit odd without the curly braces ({ and }), but just so everyone is aware of how this is written with a do--while...
a normal while:
<?php
while ( $isValid ) $isValid = doSomething($input);
?>
a do--while:
<?php
do $isValid = doSomething($input);
while ( $isValid );
?>
Also, a practical example of when to use a do--while when a simple while just won't do (lol)... copying multiple 2nd level nodes from one document to another using the DOM XML extension
<?php
# open up/create the documents and grab the root element
$fileDoc = domxml_open_file('example.xml'); // existing xml we want to copy
$fileRoot = $fileDoc->document_element();
$newDoc = domxml_new_doc('1.0'); // new document we want to copy to
$newRoot = $newDoc->create_element('rootnode');
$newRoot = $newDoc->append_child($newRoot); // this is the node we want to copy to
# loop through nodes and clone (using deep)
$child = $fileRoot->first_child(); // first_child must be called once and can only be called once
do $newRoot->append_child($child->clone_node(true)); // do first, so that the result from first_child is appended
while ( $child = $child->next_sibling() ); // we have to use next_sibling for everything after first_child
?>
do-while
do-whileループは、論理式のチェックが各反復の 最初ではなく最後に行われること以外は、whileループと 全く同じです。通常のwhileループとの主な差は、 do-whileループは最低1回の実行を保証されていることです。 一方、通常のwhileループは、実行されないかもしれません。 (論理式は各反復の最初でチェックされるので、 最初から値がFALSEである場合はループの実行は すぐに終わります。)
do-while ループの構文は次の一つのみです。
$i = 0;
do {
echo $i;
} while ($i>0);
上記のループは必ず一度だけ実行されます。その原因は、最初の反復の後、 論理値のチェックを行った際に値がFALSEと なり($iは0より大きくない)、ループの実行が終了するためです。
優れたCプログラマは、コードブロック中での実行中止が可能な do-whileループの別の使用法について熟知している かもしれません。 これは、do-while(0)でコードを括り、 break 文を使用する方法です。次のコードは、この方法の例を示しています。
do {
if ($i < 5) {
echo "i は十分大きくはありません。";
break;
}
$i *= $factor;
if ($i < $minimum_limit) {
break;
}
echo "iはOKです。";
...iを使った処理...
} while(0);
この例をすぐに理解できなかったり、全く理解できなかったりしても 問題ありません。この'機能'を使用しなくても スクリプトコードを書くことができますし、強力なスクリプトでさえ 作成することが可能です。
add a note
User Contributed Notesdo-while
andrew at NOSPAM dot devohive dot com
16-Sep-2008 02:44
16-Sep-2008 02:44
Ryan
18-Apr-2008 02:59
18-Apr-2008 02:59
I've found that the most useful thing to use do-while loops for is multiple checks of file existence. The guaranteed iteration means that it will check through at least once, which I had trouble with using a simple "while" loop because it never incremented at the end.
My code was:
<?php
$filename = explode(".", $_FILES['file']['name']); // File being uploaded
$i=0; // Number of times processed (number to add at the end of the filename)
do {
/* Since most files being uploaded don't end with a number,
we have to make sure that there is a number at the end
of the filename before we start simply incrementing. I
admit there is probably an easier way to do this, but this
was a quick slap-together job for a friend, and I find it
works just fine. So, the first part "if($i > 0) ..." says that
if the loop has already been run at least once, then there
is now a number at the end of the filename and we can
simply increment that. Otherwise, we have to place a
number at the end of the filename, which is where $i
comes in even handier */
if($i > 0) $filename[0]++;
else $filename[0] = $filename[0].$i;
$i++;
} while(file_exists("uploaded/".$filename[0].".".$filename[1]));
/* Now that everything is uploaded, we should move it
somewhere it can be accessed. Hence, the "uploaded"
folder. */
move_uploaded_file($_FILES['file']['tmp_name'], "uploaded/".$filename[0].".".$filename[1]);
?>
I'm sure there are plenty of ways of doing this without using the do-while loop, but I managed to toss this one together in no-time flat, and I'm not a great PHP programmer. =) It's simple and effective, and I personally think it works better than any "for" or "while" loop that I've seen that does the same thing.
jantsch at gmail dot com
29-Nov-2007 10:56
29-Nov-2007 10:56
Useful when you want to continue to read a recordset that was already being read like in:
<?
$sql = "select * from customers";
$res = mysql_query( $sql );
// read the first record
if( $rs = mysql_fetch_row( $res ) ){
// do something with this record
}
// do another stuff here
// keep reading till the end
if( mysql_num_rows( $res )>1 ){
do{
// processing the records till the end
}while( $rs = mysql_fetch_row( $res ));
}
?>
jayreardon at gmail dot com
11-Apr-2007 07:36
11-Apr-2007 07:36
There is one major difference you should be aware of when using the do--while loop vs. using a simple while loop: And that is when the check condition is made.
In a do--while loop, the test condition evaluation is at the end of the loop. This means that the code inside of the loop will iterate once through before the condition is ever evaluated. This is ideal for tasks that need to execute once before a test is made to continue, such as test that is dependant upon the results of the loop.
Conversely, a plain while loop evaluates the test condition at the begining of the loop before any execution in the loop block is ever made. If for some reason your test condition evaluates to false at the very start of the loop, none of the code inside your loop will be executed.